Nuclear Production of Hydrogen. Fourth Information Exchange Meeting, April 2009

Nuclear Production of Hydrogen
Fourth Information Exchange Meeting, Oakbrook, Illinois, USA, 14-16 April 2009
OECD/NEA | 23 June 2010 | ISBN: 9264087133 | 468 pages | File type: PDF | 18 mb
Hydrogen has the potential to play an important role as a sustainable and environmentally acceptable energy carrier in the 21st century. This report describes the scientific and technical challenges associated with the production of hydrogen using heat and/or electricity from nuclear power plants, with special emphasis on recent developments in high-temperature electrolysis and the use of different chemical thermodynamic processes. Economics and market analysis as well as safety aspects of the nuclear production of hydrogen are also discussed.

The use of hydrogen, both as feedstock for the industry (oil and chemical) and as an energy carrier, is expected to grow substantially during the coming decades. The current predominant method of producing hydrogen by steam-reforming methane (from natural gas) is not sustainable and has environmental drawbacks, including the emission of greenhouse gasses (GHGs). Nuclear energy offers a way to produce hydrogen from water without depleting natural gas, a valuable natural resource, and without the emission of GHGs.

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Table of Contents
Foreword
Executive summary
Changing the world with hydrogen and nuclear
Programme overview
Nuclear hydrogen production programme in the United States
French research strategy to use nuclear reactors for hydrogen production
Present status of HTGR and hydrogen production development in JAEA
Status of the Korean nuclear hydrogen production project
The concept of nuclear hydrogen production based on MHR-T reactor
Canadian nuclear hydrogen RD programme
High-temperature electrolysis
Status of the INL high-temperature electrolysis research programme �experimental and modelling
High-temperature steam electrolysis for hydrogen production
Materials development for SOEC
A metallic seal for high-temperature electrolysis stacks
Degradation mechanisms in solid oxide electrolysis anodes
Causes of degradation in a solid oxide electrolysis stack
Nuclear hydrogen using high temperature electrolysis and light water reactors for peak electricity production
Thermochemical sulphur process
CEA assessment of the sulphur-iodine cycle for hydrogen production
Status of the INERI sulphur-iodine integrated-loop experiment
Influence of HTR core inlet and outlet temperatures on hydrogen generation efficiency using the sulphur-iodine water-splitting cycle
Experimental study of the vapour-liquid equilibria of HI-I2-H2O ternary mixtures
Predicting the energy efficiency of a recuperative bayonet decomposition reactor for sulphur-based thermochemical hydrogen production
Development of HI decomposition process in Korea
South Africa’s nuclear hydrogen production development programme
Integrated laboratory scale demonstration experiment of the hybrid sulphur cycle and preliminary scale-up
Development status of the hybrid sulphur thermochemical hydrogen production process
Thermochemical copper chloride and calcium bromide processes
Recent Canadian advances in the thermochemical Cu-Cl cycle for nuclear hydrogen production
An overview of RD activities for the Cu-Cl cycle with emphasis on the hydrolysis reaction
Study of the hydrolysis reaction of the copper-chloride hybrid thermochemical cycle using optical spectrometries
Development of CuCl-HCl electrolysis for hydrogen production via Cu-Cl thermochemical cycle
Exergy analysis of the Cu-Cl cycle
CaBr2 hydrolysis for HBr production using a direct sparging contactor
Economics and market analysis of hydrogen production and use
The development of the Hydrogen Economic Evaluation Program (HEEP)
Nuclear H2 production �a utility perspective
Alkaline and high-temperature electrolysis for nuclear hydrogen production
The production of hydrogen by nuclear and solar heat
Sustainable electricity supply in the world by 2050 for economic growth and automotive fuel
NHI economic analysis of candidate nuclear hydrogen processes
Market viability of nuclear hydrogen technologies
Possibility of active carbon recycle energy system
Safety aspects of nuclear hydrogen production
Nuclear safety and regulatory considerations for nuclear hydrogen production
Transient modelling of sulphur-iodine cycle thermochemical hydrogen generation coupled to pebble bed modular reactor
Proposed chemical plant initiated accident scenarios in a sulphur-iodine cycle plant coupled to a pebble bed modular reactor

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